NP Core Laboratory Result Observation

Sets minimum expectations for representing the result of a single laboratory test in Nepal.

Canonical URL: http://fhir.digitalhealth.gov.np/core/StructureDefinition/np-core-lab-result-observation
Resource / type: Observation
Based on: http://fhir.digitalhealth.gov.np/core/StructureDefinition/np-core-observation
Claim conformance: Put the canonical URL in meta.profile of each instance.

Required elements

“Always” means the element must be present in every instance. Otherwise it is required only when its parent element is present.

Element	Card.	When
`Observation.status` registered \| preliminary \| final \| amended +	1..1	Always
`Observation.category` Classification of type of observation	1..*	Always
`Observation.category:lab` Classification of type of observation	1..1	Always
`Observation.code` Type of observation (code / type)	1..1	Always
`Observation.subject` Who and/or what the observation is about	1..1	Always
`Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.value` Numerical value (with implicit precision)	1..1	If parent present
`Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.unit` Unit representation	1..1	If parent present
`Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.system` System that defines coded unit form	1..1	If parent present
`Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.code` Coded form of the unit	1..1	If parent present
`Observation.component.code` Type of component observation (code / type)	1..1	If parent present

Must-support elements

If your system has this data it SHALL send it, and receivers SHALL process it. Must-support does not by itself make an element mandatory.

Observation.status
Observation.category
Observation.category:lab
Observation.code
Observation.subject
Observation.encounter
Observation.effective[x]
Observation.performer
Observation.value[x]
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept
Observation.value[x]:valueString
Observation.dataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation
Observation.note
Observation.specimen
Observation.referenceRange

Fixed and pattern values

Element	Value
`Observation.category:lab`	{ "coding": [ { "system": "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category", "code": "laboratory" } ] }
`Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.system`	http://unitsofmeasure.org

Terminology bindings

required: codes SHALL come from the value set · extensible: use the value set if a suitable code exists · preferred / example: guidance only.

Element	Strength	Value set
`Observation.language`	preferred	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages
`Observation.status`	required	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status
`Observation.category`	preferred	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
`Observation.category:lab`	preferred	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
`Observation.code`	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
`Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator`	required	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator
`Observation.dataAbsentReason`	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
`Observation.interpretation`	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
`Observation.bodySite`	example	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site
`Observation.method`	example	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods
`Observation.referenceRange.type`	preferred	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning
`Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo`	example	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto
`Observation.component.code`	example	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
`Observation.component.dataAbsentReason`	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
`Observation.component.interpretation`	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation

Rules (invariants)

np-labresult-1 A laboratory result SHALL carry a value, a data absent reason, or components. Mirrors vs-2 on the FHIR vital signs profile.

FHIRPath

value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists() or component.exists()

Official examples

Observation/ExampleNPCoreLabResultObservation

View in IG ↗

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "id": "ExampleNPCoreLabResultObservation",
  "meta": {
    "profile": [
      "http://fhir.digitalhealth.gov.np/core/StructureDefinition/np-core-lab-result-observation"
    ]
  },
  "status": "final",
  "category": [
    {
      "coding": [
        {
          "system": "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category",
          "code": "laboratory",
          "display": "Laboratory"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "2160-0",
        "display": "Creatinine [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma"
      }
    ]
  },
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/ExampleNPCorePatient"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ExampleNPCoreEncounter"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2026-05-10T11:00:00+05:45",
  "performer": [
    {
      "reference": "Organization/ExampleNPCoreOrganization"
    }
  ],
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": 1.1,
    "unit": "mg/dL",
    "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
    "code": "mg/dL"
  },
  "specimen": {
    "reference": "Specimen/ExampleNPCoreSpecimen"
  },
  "referenceRange": [
    {
      "low": {
        "value": 0.7,
        "unit": "mg/dL",
        "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
        "code": "mg/dL"
      },
      "high": {
        "value": 1.3,
        "unit": "mg/dL",
        "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
        "code": "mg/dL"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Narrative (text) removed for readability.

Observation/ExampleNPCoreLabResultObservationBUN

View in IG ↗

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "id": "ExampleNPCoreLabResultObservationBUN",
  "meta": {
    "profile": [
      "http://fhir.digitalhealth.gov.np/core/StructureDefinition/np-core-lab-result-observation"
    ]
  },
  "status": "final",
  "category": [
    {
      "coding": [
        {
          "system": "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category",
          "code": "laboratory",
          "display": "Laboratory"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "3094-0",
        "display": "Urea nitrogen [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma"
      }
    ]
  },
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/ExampleNPCorePatient"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ExampleNPCoreEncounter"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2026-05-10T11:00:00+05:45",
  "performer": [
    {
      "reference": "Organization/ExampleNPCoreOrganization"
    }
  ],
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": 18,
    "unit": "mg/dL",
    "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
    "code": "mg/dL"
  },
  "referenceRange": [
    {
      "low": {
        "value": 7,
        "unit": "mg/dL",
        "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
        "code": "mg/dL"
      },
      "high": {
        "value": 25,
        "unit": "mg/dL",
        "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
        "code": "mg/dL"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Narrative (text) removed for readability.